5 thoughts on “What is the installation process of the steel structure plant?”

  1. Steel structure production construction process
    This scope: suitable for the processing process of building steel structures, including the selection of process flow, sample, cutting, correction, molding, edge processing, ball processing, holes, frictions, frictions Facial processing, end processing, assembly assembly, circular pipe component processing and steel component pre -assembly

    1 material requirements

    1.1.1 steel, welding materials, coating Materials and fasteners should have a quality certificate, which must meet the design requirements and current standards.
    1.1.2 The raw materials for entering the factory, in addition to the requisition of the factory quality certificate of the production plant, should also be witnessed, sampled, inspecting the current standards and relevant current standards under the testimony of Party A and supervision. And acceptance, do a good job of inspection records. And provide inspection reports to Party A and supervision.
    1.1.3 In the process of processing, if the raw materials are found to be defective, inspectors and supervisors must be studied and handled.
    1.1.4 Materials shall be applied by the manufacturing unit (technical approval form) with a material certificate (technical approval form) in advance. After reporting from Party A and supervision, it can be used after confirming the design unit.
    1.1.5 It is strictly forbidden to use the use of pills to fall off or welded rust of welding, wet node blocks or welded foam, and rusty welding wires. For bolt nails for bolt welding, the surface must not have defects such as cracks, strips, deresses, and burrs that affect the use.
    1.1.6 Welding materials shall be centrally managed, and special warehouses shall be established.
    1.1.7 bolts should be stored indoors in dry and ventilated rooms. The inspection and acceptance of high -strength bolts should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the current national standard “Design, Construction and Acceptance Regulations of High -intensity Bolt Connection of Steel Structure” JGJ82. bolt.
    1.1.8 The coatings should meet the design requirements and store it in a special warehouse. The coatings that are expired, metamorphic, and lumps must be used.

    2 Main equipment

    1.2.1 Main equipment
    steel structure production length tool.

    3 operation conditions

    1.3.1 completed the detailed construction diagram and signed and recognized by the original designer.
    1.3.2 Construction organizational design, construction plan, operation guidance and other technical preparations have been ready.
    1.3.3 Various process assessment tests and process performance tests and material procurement plans have been completed.
    1.3.4 The main materials have entered the factory.
    1.3.5 Qualification of various mechanical equipment adjustment and acceptance.
    1.3.6 All production workers have conducted pre -construction training to obtain the corresponding qualification certificate.

    4 Operation process

    1.4.1 Craft process
    1.4.2 Operation process
    1 sample, number n1) Familiar with the construction drawing, I found that there are questions Wherever, we should contact the relevant technical department.
    2) Prepare the materials for modeling and samples. Generally, thin iron skin and small flat steel can be used.
    3) The sample requires a steel ruler must be verified by the measurement department. It can be used after passing.
    4) The material and specifications of raw materials must be understood before the number of materials, and the quality of raw materials must be checked. Parts of different specifications and different materials shall be separated. And according to the principle of first, then large, and small.
    5) Applying the processing number, component number, specifications, and specifications on the model sample rods, while marking various processing symbols such as upper hole diameter, working line, curve, etc.
    6) The amount of contraction (including on -site welding shrinkage) and the processing of processing and milling should be reserved with samples and samples:
    Mill balance: The average per side of processing after cutting is cut Add 3-4mm, and the processed after qi is 4-5 mm per side.
    The cutting balance: The width of automatic gas cutting is 3mm, and the width of the handmade gas cutting seam is 4mm.
    The welding shrinkage is given by the process according to the structural characteristics of the component.
    7) The main stress components and components that need to be bending should be taken in the direction specified in the process in accordance with the ingredients. There should be no samples and scar defects on the outer side of the curved parts.
    8) Materials should be conducive to cutting and ensuring part quality.
    9) The remaining materials after this number should be identified, including the balance number, specifications, materials and furnace batch numbers, etc., so that the remaining materials can be used again.

    2 cutting
    The steel after the padding line must be cut according to the shape and size of its required.
    1) Pay attention to the following points when cutting:
    (1) When many parts are arranged on a steel plate and there are several intersecting shear lines, it should be arranged in advance after a reasonable shear program should be arranged in advance. Then cut.
    (2) Bend deformation after cutting the material must be corrected; the cutting surface must be rough or burrs, and it must be grinded.
    (3) During the cutting process, the metal near the incision is squeezed and bent due to the shear. The interface position of important structural parts and welds must be used. method.

    2) The following construction points should be paid attention to in the construction of the machine:
    (1) Type steel should be cut directly before the saw.
    (2) The component of a single saw cutting is first cut out, and then cutting the wire. The components of the batch of processing can be installed in advance for processing.
    (3) The important components with higher processing accuracy requirements should be considered to reserve appropriate processing waste to be reserved for sawing the end surface fine milling.
    (4) When cutting, pay attention to the control of the verticality of the cutting section.
    The steel structure

    The steel structure

    3) Pay attention to the following process points when performing gas cutting operations:
    (1) Check confirmation before qi cutting must be checked and confirmed before qi cutting The equipment and tools of the entire gas cutting system are operating normally and ensure safety.
    (2) Select the correct process parameters when cutting. When cutting, adjust the shape of the oxygen shot (wind line) to make it achieve and keep the contour clear, the wind line is long and high.
    (3) Before qi cutting, the dirt, oil and rust and other debris on the surface of the steel should be removed, and a certain space is left below to facilitate the blowing of the slag.
    (4) When cutting gas, we must prevent the ignition.
    (5) In order to prevent air cutting deformation, the operation should start with the short side; the small pieces should be cut first, and then the large pieces should be cut;

    3 Correction and molding
    1) Correction
    (1) The finished product is cold correction. Generally, mechanical forces such as winged scholarship, straight machine, oil compressor, and pressure machine are used for correction.
    (2) Flame correction, the heating method is a bit heated, linear heating, and triangular heating.
    ① The heat correction temperature of low -carbon steel and ordinary low alloy steel is generally 600-900 ° C, while 800-900 ° C is the ideal temperature of thermoplastic deformation, but it is not allowed to exceed 900 ° C.
    ② Carbon steel in the middle will cause cracks due to deformation, so medium -carbon steel generally does not use flame correction.
    ③ ordinary low alloy steel should be cooled slowly after heating correction.
    ④ process process

    2) molding
    (1) Hot processing: For low -carbon steel, it is generally 1000 to 1100 ° C, and the termination temperature of the heat processing should not be less than 700 ° C. The heating temperature is 500 ~ 550 ° C. Steel produces crispyness, and it is strictly forbidden to beat and bend, otherwise the steel will break.
    (2) Cold processing: Most of the steel is processed at room temperature, most of which are carried out using mechanical equipment and special tools.

    4 Edge processing (including end milling flat)
    1) The main edge processing methods are: shovel, planing, milling, carbon arc gas planing, gas cutting and sloping machine processing, etc. Essence
    2) The parts of Qi cutting, when the influence area needs to be eliminated for edge processing, the minimum processing waste is 2.0mm.
    3) The depth of the edge of the mechanical processing should ensure that the surface defects should be removed, but it should not be less than 2.0mm. After processing, there should be no damage and cracks on the surface. edge.
    4) The edge of the parts of the carbon structure steel should be cleaned on the surface after hand -cutting, and there should be no unevenness of more than 1.0mm.
    5) The side support of the component requires high planing flat tightness and higher accuracy requirements for the cross section of the component. No matter what method is cut and which steel is made of, it must be planed or milling.
    6) The construction diagram has special requirements or stipulated that the edges of welding must be performed. Generally, the cutting edges of the plate or type steel do not require planing.
    7) After mechanical automatic cutting and air arc cutting of the parts, the plane of the cut surface cannot exceed 1.0mm. The freedom of the main force component requires the amount of processing the processing of the plane or milling side after the gas cut. At least 2mm per side is required, there should be no defects such as burrs.
    8) The tight contact surface of the pillar end milling should be closely attached to the area of ​​more than 75%, and it is checked with a 0.3mm meter ruler. The plug area shall not be greater than 25%, and the gap between the edges shall not be greater than 0.5mm.
    9) The choice of milling and milling amount should be determined according to the requirements of workpieces and processing. A reasonable choice is the guarantee of processing quality.
    10) The end processing of the component should be carried out after the correction is qualified.
    11) The necessary measures should be taken according to the form of the component to ensure that the flat end is perpendicular to the axis.

    5 holes
    1) The high -strength bolts (large hexagonal head bolts, twist -cut bolts, etc.), semi -circular head rivet screws and other holes used for the component. , Milling holes, punching, reh holes or pores.
    2) The component holes are preferred to use drilling holes. When proved the quality, thickness and pores of certain materials, punching is permitted when perforation will not cause brittleness.
    The ordinary structural steel with a thickness of less than 5mm allows punching, and the secondary structure thickness is less than 12mm allowed to use punching. In the punching hole, welding (groove shape) shall not be applied. Unless the material is proven that the material is still very tough after the punch is cut, the construction can be welded. In general, when drilling on the holes you need to flush, the punch must be 3mm smaller than the specified diameter.
    3) Before drilling, one is to grind the drill head, and the other is to reasonably choose the amount of dandruff.
    4) The bolt holes made by) should be a positive cylindrical and vertical on the surface of the steel. The tilt should be less than 1/20. There should be no burrs, rupture, horn or bump traces of the periphery. The cutting should be cleaned.
    5) The diameter of the bolt holes made of refined or hinge is equal to the diameter of the bolt rod. The rear rehores are used with diamonds or assembly.

    6 friction surface processing
    1) High -strength bolts connect to the processing of friction surface, and can be used for sandblasting, blasting and grinding machine. (Note: The grinding direction of the sand wheel machine should be vertical with the direction of the component, and the grinding range shall not be less than 4 times the diameter of the bolt.)
    2) The friction surface of the processing should be taken to protect the oil prevention and injury protection measures.
    3) Manufacturing and installation units shall conduct anti -slip coefficient tests with steel structure manufacturing batch. The manufacturing batch can be regarded as a batch per 2000T according to the division of the division (sub -part) project, and less than 2000T can be regarded as a batch. When two or two or more surface treatment processes are selected, each processing process should be tested separately, and each batch of three groups of test parts.
    4) The test parts for the testing of the anti -slip coefficient test should be processed by the manufacturer. , And apply the high -strength bolt connection of the same batch of the same performance level, store under the same environmental conditions.
    5) The thickness of the steel plate of the test piece should be determined according to the representative plate thickness in the steel structure engineering. The surface of the test parts should be flat without oil pollution.
    6) The manufacturer should conduct anti -slip coefficient tests while manufacturing steel structure and issue reports. Test reports should be stated that the test methods and results should be stated.
    7) In accordance with the requirements of the current national standard “Design, Construction and Acceptance Regulations of the Steel Structure High -intensity Bolt Connection” JGJ82 requirements or design documents, the production materials and processing methods are the same. , And transfer with the components at the same time.

    7 Tube ball processing
    1) Pinged production process: Purchase steel pipe → inspection materials, specifications, surface quality (anticorrosive treatment) → reserved, open slopes → assemble with cone head or seal plate assembly Point welding → welding → inspection → pre -anti -corrosion treatment → anticorrosive treatment.
    2) Bolt ball manufacturing process: Steel bar (or steel ingot) or mechanical processing for pressure processing → Forging blank → Positive fire treatment → processing positioning threaded holes (M20) and its surface → processing of various thread holes And plane → Play processing number, ball number → pre -anti -corrosion treatment → anticorrosive treatment.
    3) Capline and sealing process: finished steel → tire mold forging blank → positive fire treatment → mechanical processing.
    4) Welding ball node grid manufacturing process: Purchasing steel pipes → inspection materials, specifications, surface quality → sample → feeding → hollow ball production → assembly → anticorrosive treatment.
    5) Welding empty ball manufacturing process: Said (using imitation cutting knife) → pressing (heating) for molding → machine tool or automatic air cutting slope → welding → welding seam non -destructive detection inspection → anticorrosive treatment → packaging.

    8 assembly
    1) Before assembly, the staff must be familiar with the construction diagram of the component and related technical requirements, and review the quality of the parts according to the requirements of the construction diagram.
    2) parts that are not spliced ​​due to the size of the raw materials or technical requirements must be stitched before assembly.
    3) The following provisions must be followed when using tire model assembly:
    (1) The selected venue must be flat and has sufficient strength.
    (2) When the decoration is decorated, the tire structure must be considered according to the characteristics of the steel structure component and the amount of welding shrinkage and other processing waste.
    (3) After assembling the first batch of components, the quality inspection department must be conducted for a comprehensive inspection. After the inspection is passed, it must be continued to be assembled.
    (4) The component must be assembled strictly in accordance with the process regulations during the assembly process. When there is a concealed weld, the welding must be applied first, and it can be covered after passing the inspection. When complex assembly components are not easy to cast, the method of welding can also be used to complete its assembly work.

    (5) In order to reduce the deformation and assembly order, the method of assembling components first and then assembled into a component can be adopted.
    4) The choice of steel structure component assembly methods must be based on the structural characteristics and technical requirements of the component, combined with the processing capabilities of the manufacturer, mechanical and equipment, etc., to choose methods that can effectively control the quality and high production efficiency of assembly.
    5) Typical structure assembly
    (1) Welding H -shaped steel construction process
    processing process
    → → assembly → welding → correction → secondary feeding → holes → installation welded other other welding other Parts → Correct grinding
    (2) Processing process of box -shaped section components
    (3) Processing process of powerful cross column
    (4) General roll tube process flowchart
    1) Pre -assembly numbers shall be specified in design requirements and technical documents.
    2) The selection principle of the pre -assembly combination site: The main force framework, the node connection structure is complicated as much as possible, the component allowance is close to the limit and representative combination components.
    3) Pre -assembly should be carried out on a solid and solid platform shelf. The level of its support point:
    a ≤ 300 000m2 ≤ 2mm ≤ 2mm
    a≤1000 ~ 5000m2 allows u003C3mm
    (1) All components in pre -assembly should control the size according to the construction drawing, each each, each, each The center of gravity of the rod should be intertwined to the center of the node, and it is completely free. It is not allowed to be mandatory and fixed. Regardless of columns, beams, and support, single -piece support points should be not less than two support points.
    (2) Pre -assembly component control benchmark, the central line should be clearly marked, and is relatively consistent with the platform baseline and ground baseline. The control benchmark shall be consistent with the design requirements. If the pre -assembly benchmark is required, it shall be recognized by the process design.
    (3) All components that need to be pre -assembled are required. The same single component can be swapped without affecting the overall geometry size.
    (4) During the whole process of pre -fighting on the fetal frame, the component must not be corrected and cut with flames or machinery, or using heavy objects, collision, and hammer.
    (5) The test time for large -scale frames for open -air pre -assembly, it is recommended to perform regularly before sunrise and sunset. The accuracy of the tape measure should be consistent with the installation unit.
    4) When pre -assembling high -strength bolt connectors, it can be tightened by punching positioning and temporary bolts. Test bolts must not be less than 30%of the bolt holes in a set of holes, and not less than 2. The number of rushing nails is not more than one -third of the temporary bolts.
    5) After pre -installation, the test pore test is applied to check when the tester of 1.0mm smaller diameter than the hole is checked, the pass rate of each group of holes is not less than 85%; During the test perfideline, the pass rate is 100%.
    6) The holes that cannot be passed in accordance with these regulations 5) are allowed to repair holes (hinges, grinding, scraping). If it is super standard after repairing the holes, it is allowed to use the welding material that matches the material of the mother material, and the holes are re -made, but the pre -installed fetus frame is not allowed.

    5 Quality Standards

    The detail “Structure Engineering Quality Acceptance Specifications” GB50205-2001
    n6 finished product protection
    n1.6.1 There must be finished product protection measures between the processes during the production process.
    1.6.2 The slope of the edge processing needs to be applied to the protective film, and be careful not to collide.
    1.6.3 Correction and molding parts, the assembled semi -finished products, when stacked, the pads and stacking quantities are reasonable to prevent pressure bending.
    1.6.4 The treatment of oil -proof and damage protection measures should be taken.
    1.6.5 The components, semi -finished products (hollow balls, bolt balls and attachments) and components that have been painted with anticorrosive paint should be used to prevent bumps.

    7 Pay attention to the question

    1.7.1 Technical quality
    1. When there is doubts about steel, the sample should be represented. Only when the technical file requirements can be used.
    2. The steel ruler used in the sample must be passed through the inspection of the unit, and is paired with the steel ruler used in related parties such as civil construction and installation.
    3. When correcting flames, the welds of the sidelines Q345, Q390, 35, and 45 are not allowed to cool down and cool down, and it must be cooled in a natural state.
    4. High -intensity bolt holes and holes must meet the requirements of specifications. It is directly related to the major problem of installation quality.
    5. The friction surface after treatment should be proper; natural rust, generally rust period must not exceed 90 days, and the friction surface must not be reused.

    1.7.2 Safety measures
    1. Seriously implement the safety operating procedures for various types of work.
    2. Take electricity leakage protection measures to prevent electricity shock.
    3. The crane should be suspended.
    4. When operating each type of work, we must wear good labor protection supplies.

  2. [Introduction]
    The factory of the steel structure mainly refers to the main load -bearing component consisting of steel. Including steel pillars, steel beams, steel structure foundations, steel roofs (of course, the span of the factory building is relatively large, basically the steel structure roof), the steel cover, the wall of the steel structure can also be maintained. Due to the increase in steel output in my country, many of them have begun to use steel structure factories, and they can also be divided into light and heavy steel structure factories. Industrial and civilian building facilities built with steel are called steel structures.
    [Installation process]
    . Steel structure installation program
    steel column installation → column support installation → steel crane beam temporary position → roof beam, roof support → steel crane beam and other correction fixed fixed fixing fixed fixation → Maintenance structure installation.
    . The installation of steel columns
    (1), due to the large weight of the steel column, large length, and unable to make a transportation, so it is made of segments, and the on -site decoration method is used for the overall way of hanging. Steel columns are divided into two sections. The steel column is transported to the scene in the lower part of the lower part and the upper H -shaped steel column. The weight of the steel column is about 6 tons, and the height is about 17 meters. The use of 50 tons of cars can meet the needs of the lifting.
    (2) The hanging is lifted with a single machine rotation. Before the lifting, the wooden square is cooked in the position of the steel pillar to prevent the steel column from damaging the pillar board during the lifting process. When the steel column is lifted, the crane should be hooked while turning the arm to make the steel column vertically out of the ground, and put the column in the cup.
    [Features]
    1. The quality of the steel structure is light, high, and large.
    2, the construction period of the steel structure building is short, and the investment cost is reduced accordingly.
    3, steel structure has high fire resistance and strong corrosion resistance.
    4, the steel structure building is convenient to move, and it is not polluted.
    [Daily maintenance and maintenance]
    1. After the steel structure plant is installed, for the owner, you cannot change its structure without permission. If you need to change the wall, you must negotiate with the manufacturer, and the manufacturer will judge whether it can be changed. After the steel structure is used for about 3 years, it must be maintained once with paint to give architecture and aesthetics and safety. The steel structure plant is connected to the steel structure components, so it isolates the use of electrical equipment, such as electric wires, such as electric wires, so as not to occur.
    2, the steel structure plant must be cleaned and maintained regularly. Under normal circumstances, it takes one year for inspection and maintenance. When cleaning the exterior wall of the steel structure plant, be careful not to have chaos. Do not use steel ball balls, plate brushes and other grinding detergents. It should be rinsed from top to bottom when clean water. Similar objects such as branches and leaves on the steel structure plant should be cleaned in time to avoid unnecessary trouble under the backlog. If the surface of the steel structure plant is damaged, it should be repaired in time to prevent the sun and rain from corroding the metal plate surface. If necessary, all high elastic nano -materials are used to protect the metal roof panel and play an effective insulation and waterproof effect to save indoor air -conditioning energy.
    The maintenance and maintenance of the steel structure plant is very connected with the service life of the steel structure. Therefore, the industry mainly pays enough attention to it. If you encounter any problems in maintenance and maintenance, you must contact professional steel structure manufacturers to help.

  3. Basic embedded bolt installation -steel columns hanging -steel beam installation (the roof tie rod is installed at the same time) -The steel beam, steel column correction -roofing bar and roof support system installation -crane beam installation -wall support system Installation -installation of wall -sidelines -intermediate main acceptance -roof panel installation -wall panel installation -enclosure collection

  4. Basic transfer -steel column installation (including stable support and rod) -Car beam installation -roof beam or truss installation -support tiestan installation -bars installation -maintenance structure installation.

  5. First determine the elevation, make a few obvious signs, and then make two molds, go to the ground, the ground must be positive; then strengthen the welding;
    ;
    Then stand the tie rods, group beams, upper beams, upper strokes, rods, straight strips on the steel column

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